LGBT-related films Events Awareness Week Day of Remembrance Day of Visibility March LGBT Flag History Media portrayals Fictional characters Literature Film Television People Non-binary Publications Religion Sports Gender transitioning Gender detransitioning Transgender youth suicide more.

Theory and concepts. By country. Argentina Australia Rights Re Kevin Brazil Canada Bill C, Rights China Colombia Germany India Rights of Transgender Persons Bill, Tamil Nadu Iran Ireland New Zealand Singapore South Africa Turkey United Kingdom Rights Gender Recognition Act History United States Cafeteria riot Disenfranchisement History Legal history Rights Title IX.

See also. Gender Gender studies Intersex Queer heterosexuality LGBT Sex sex assignment Sex and gender distinction Sexual orientation Social construction of gender Takatāpui. Opt-in for intersex people only. Standard for third gender. Standard for intersex. Further information: Transgender rights , Third gender , and Non-binary gender.

Main article: Legal recognition of intersex people. Further information: Intersex human rights. Further information: Transgender rights in Argentina and Travesti gender identity. Further information: Intersex rights in Australia and Transgender rights in Australia. Further information: LGBT rights in Belgium.

See also: Transgender rights in Brazil. See also: Intersex rights in Canada and Transgender rights in Canada. Further information: LGBT rights in Chile § Gender identity and expression. Further information: LGBT rights in Colombia § Gender identity and expression , and Travesti gender identity.

Further information: LGBT rights in Denmark. See also: LGBT rights in Greenland and LGBT rights in the Faroe Islands.

Further information: Intersex rights in Germany and LGBT rights in Germany. Main article: LGBT rights in Iceland. See also: Transgender rights in Tamil Nadu. See also: LGBT rights in Nepal. Further information: Intersex rights in New Zealand and Transgender rights in New Zealand. Main article: Hijra South Asia. Further information: Intersex rights in the United Kingdom and Transgender rights in the United Kingdom.

Further information: Intersex rights in the United States and Transgender rights in the United States. Recognition via statute or policy.

Recognition via court order only. No legal recognition. Main article: Oklahoma Senate Bill Retrieved 27 May BBC News. December 23, Retrieved Ex-transsexual Australian Norrie May-Welby is first legally genderless person" Archived at the Wayback Machine , New York Daily News. The Daily Dot. Retrieved June 10, License to Be Yourself. New York: Open Society Foundations. ISBN Differentiation and dimorphism of gender identity from conception to maturity.

USA: The Johns Hopkins University Press. Hermaphrodites and the Medical Invention of Sex. USA: Harvard University Press. Los estados intersexuales en la especie humana.

Madrid: Morata. doi : PMID S2CID Intersex: Stories and Statistics from Australia PDF. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers. Archived from the original PDF on Promoting and Protecting Human Rights in relation to Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Sex Characteristics. Asia Pacific Forum of National Human Rights Institutions. It's time to listen". Special Broadcasting Service. The Bubble. Archived from the original on May 31, Retrieved April 3, The New York Times.

Retrieved May 8, Clarín in Spanish. Retrieved March 25, Boletín Oficial de la República Argentina in Spanish. Retrieved 21 July Ámbito in Spanish. La Nación in Spanish. The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 July at in German.

Retrieved May 16, Verfassungsgerichtshof Österreich in German. Archived from the original PDF on November 10, Science as Culture. Sydney Morning Herald. Newsletter of the Sociology of Sexualities Section of the American Sociological Association.

American Sociological Association Sexualities News. UII Australia - Intersex Australia. Archived from the original on December 11, The Advocate. Tony Briffa JP". Archived from the original on Concluding paper of the sex and gender diversity project , Australian Human Rights Commission, March The Hon Kevin Rudd MP. Archived from the original on 19 November Retrieved 23 December Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade.

Australian Government. Archived from the original on 19 October Retrieved 27 December Retrieved 2 April National LGBTI Health Alliance. Archived from the original on 29 March Retrieved 29 April ABC News. Constitutional Court of Belgium. Retrieved 19 December Leuven Blog for Public Law. Leuven Centre for Public Law KU Leuven. Politics and Governance. ISSN — via Ghent University Library.

The Telegraph. The Brussels Times. RTBF in French. Belgian government removes gender from identity card]. De Standaard in Flemish. Extra Online in Brazilian Portuguese. O Globo in Brazilian Portuguese. G1 in Brazilian Portuguese. DIÁRIO OFICIAL DA UNIÃO.

Federal Police of Brazil. Conselho Nacional de Justiça CNJ. Universo Online UOL in Brazilian Portuguese. Defensoria Pública do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul in Brazilian Portuguese. Arpen Brasil - Saiba Mais in Brazilian Portuguese. Ministério Público do Estado da Bahia in Brazilian Portuguese. Government of Ontario. June 29, Retrieved November 7, baby first to get health card without gender marker". Global News. Retrieved July 1, Retrieved July 5, The Guardian.

Retrieved July 6, CBC News. Retrieved July 20, August 24, Retrieved August 24, Retrieved August 31, CTV News Toronto. cl in Spanish. Retrieved 29 May de Chile logra primer fallo que reconoce género no binario a persona mayor de edad". Retrieved 8 July La Tercera in Spanish. Retrieved 17 October Washington Post. Agencia Presentes in Spanish. Transgender Europe. Danish ". Antragstellerin und Beschwerdefuhrerin" PDF in German. January 21, Retrieved 8 November SBS News.

Gay Star News. Archived from the original on 22 June Retrieved 26 June The Reykjavík Grapevine. Iceland Monitor. by Dayanita Singh Photographer and Mona Ahmed. Scalo Publishers September 15, Article online [Usurped! April 15, Retrieved April 15, Retrieved 15 April Journal of Anthropological Research.

JSTOR On Basivis: Women Who, through Dedication to a Deity, Assume Masculine Privileges. Journal of the Anthropological Society of Bombay July. Bombay: Education Society's Press; London: Treubner. Journal of the History of Sexuality. Times of India. Petitioner Versus Union of India and others Respondents Supreme Court of India 15 April BN De Stem in Dutch.

Huffington Post. Retrieved 25 April The New Republic. ISSN Nepal Government and Others, Supreme Court of Nepal" PDF. National Judicial Academy Law Journal. April Retrieved 4 May Stories of Intersex People from Nepal PDF. Department of Internal Affairs. Archived from the original PDF on November 16, New Zealand Herald. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry.

Fairfax New Zealand. Retrieved 18 July Statistics New Zealand. Khan in TSQ 3 1—2 : — Positive Impact. Archived from the original on January 8, Pakistan Journal of Public Health. Use eunuchs to recover: Pak SC". The Economic Times. Bennett Coleman. December 24, The Third Sex: Kathoey: Thailand's Ladyboys , Souvenir Press.

Research and discussion paper: Language and identity in transgender: gender wars and the case of the Thai kathoey. Paper presented at the Hawaii conference on Social Sciences, Waikiki, June Article online Archived at the Wayback Machine. Time World. Archived from the original on July 8, Retrieved 10 April Asian Studies Review. Higher Education Statistics Agency.

Retrieved 2 May UK Parliament. UK Government and Parliament. BuzzFeed Community. Retrieved 6 May Pink News. Retrieved 27 October Beyond the Binary. Retrieved 29 January Scottish Government. June 28, Retrieved September 27, OCLC Retrieved 14 July the Guardian. Retrieved 16 July Politics Home. Retrieved 5 December Retrieved 20 September JD Supra.

Retrieved 29 September Gay Times. The Tab. Rochester, NY. SSRN State Department on Behalf of Intersex Citizen Denied Passport". Lambda Legal. October 26, Retrieved January 30, Lavers November 23, Washington Blade.

November 22, State Department Cannot Rely on its Binary-Only Gender Policy to Deny Passport to Nonbinary Intersex Citizen". Retrieved 13 March Edward 25 February Passports and Consular Reports of Birth Abroad". United States Department of State. October 27, Passports Starting April 11". LGBTQ Nation. Retrieved June 22, Retrieved June 29, NBC News. Retrieved September 26, Retrieved September 8, Transgender Law Center.

January 26, Retrieved September 15, Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 16 October California Department of Motor Vehicles. Monitoring, logging, and application performance suite. Fully managed environment for running containerized apps. Platform for modernizing existing apps and building new ones. Unified platform for training, running, and managing ML models. Single interface for the entire Data Science workflow. Options for training deep learning and ML models cost-effectively.

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Replication is the ability to create copies of a Cloud SQL instance or an on-premises database, and offload work to the copies. Introduction The primary reason for using replication is to scale the use of data in a database without degrading performance. When referring to a Cloud SQL instance, the instance that is replicated is called the primary instance and the copies are called read replicas. The primary instance and read replicas reside in Cloud SQL.

When referring to an on-premises database, the replication scenario is called replicating from an external server. In this scenario, the database that is replicated is the source database server.

The copies that reside in Cloud SQL are called Cloud SQL replicas. There is also an instance that represents the source database server in Cloud SQL called the source representation instance.

In a disaster recovery scenario, you can promote a replica to convert it to a primary instance. This way, you can use it in place of an instance that's in a region that's having an outage.

You can also promote a replica to replace an instance that's corrupted. You use a read replica to offload work from a Cloud SQL instance. The read replica is an exact copy of the primary instance. Data and other changes on the primary instance are updated in almost real time on the read replica.

Read replicas are read-only; you cannot write to them. The read replica processes queries, read requests, and analytics traffic, thus reducing the load on the primary instance. You connect to a replica directly using its connection name and IP address. If you're connecting to a replica using a private IP address, you don't need to create an additional VPC private connection for the replica because the connection is inherited from the primary instance. For information about how to create a read replica, see Creating read replicas.

For information about managing a read replica, see Managing read replicas. As a best practice, put read replicas in a different zone than the primary instance when you use HA on your primary instance. This practice ensures that read replicas continue to operate when the zone that contains the primary instance has an outage. See the Overview of high availability for more information. Cross-region replication lets you create a read replica in a different region from the primary instance.

You create a cross-region read replica the same way as you create an in-region replica. See Promoting replicas for regional migration or disaster recovery for more information about cross-region replicas. Cascading replication lets you create a read replica under another read replica in the same or a different region.

Below are some cases for using cascading replicas:. Cascading replicas let you add read replicas to any existing replicas. You can add up to four levels of replicas, including the primary instance.

When you promote the replica at the top of a cascading replica hierarchy, it becomes a primary instance and its cascading replicas continue to replicate. To plan your configuration, you need to have a goal for what the read replicas intend to do. The next two sections describe the configurations for disaster recovery and multi-region replication.

To understand how cascading replicas help you recover quickly during an outage, consider the following replication scenario:. On the Outage tab, if there's an outage in Region A, the cascading replica is promoted to a primary instance. It already has read replicas underneath it, reducing the recovery time objective RTO. On the Promote tab, you see that when a cascading replica is promoted, its replicas are also promoted and continue to replicate under it.

Another use case for cascading replicas is to distribute read capacity to a second region in a cost-efficient manner. Cascading replicas C and D can be created that replicate from Replica B. Clients can distribute read queries across replicas B, C, and D to reduce the load on each replica.

The cost of cross-region network traffic is incurred only once, from the primary instance to Replica B. Replication from B to C and D uses in-region network transfer, which is free. You can create a hierarchy of up to four instances using cascading replicas for multi-region replication:.

External read replicas are external MySQL instances that replicate from a Cloud SQL primary instance. For example, a MySQL instance running on Compute Engine is considered an external instance. Before you can create a read replica of a primary Cloud SQL instance, the instance must meet the following requirements:. You must enable point-in-time recovery to enable binary logging on the primary instance to support read replicas. This has the following impacts:.

Therefore, an additional disk fsync is required for each write operation, which reduces performance. Storage of the binary logs is charged at the same rate as regular data. The binary logs are automatically truncated to the age of the oldest automated backup.

Cloud SQL currently retains the most recent seven automated backups, and all on-demand backups. The size of the binary logs, and therefore the amount charged, depends on the workload. For example, a write-heavy workload consumes more binary log space than a read-heavy workload. You can see the size of binary logs by using the SHOW BINARY LOGS MySQL command.

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Read more features. By country Argentina Australia Rights Re Kevin Brazil Canada Bill C, Rights China Colombia Germany India Rights of Transgender Persons Bill, Tamil Nadu Iran Ireland New Zealand Singapore South Africa Turkey United Kingdom Rights Gender Recognition Act History United States Cafeteria riot Disenfranchisement History Legal history Rights Title IX. Train an AI to read sign language, design an app for good, explore the world of Minecraft, and more! Creating read replicas Managing read replicas Replication metrics External read replica. The total payload size includes both keys and values.

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